The History of Muay Thai


Muay Thai (Thai Boxing) can be dated back to 1584 during the reign of King Naresuan the Great, and played a role in restoring Thai freedom. Even before that, when Thailand was in the process of forming, wars were constantly being waged with neighboring countries. It could almost be said that the Thai national profession was to prepare for conflict. Attacks and invasions took place all the time. Combat weapons included spears, javelins, and large curved-bladed pikes called khaw-ngao. As more hand-to-hand combat took place, the fist, the elbow, the knee and the foot came into play. The systemized use of these natural weapons came to be called Classic Thai Boxing.

The use of the so-called "natural weapons" or open-handed defense is essential to any warrior, ancient or modern. The famous legend of "Phrayaa Pichai of the Broken Sword" has been told in Thailand for centuries. When he was a child, he loved to practice Thai boxing, though his parents forbade it. He was always running away from home so he could practice. Later when he had risen in the ranks of the Thai army to a commander-in-chief, he led a faction of the common people in bravely resisting the enemy without a thought to his own death. He fought fiercely, "forward, forward, always forward," the Thai warrior's motto. In the midst of battle, his sword broke, and he threw it down, continuing the fight with his fists, knees, and elbows. Because of his knowledge of Thai boxing, he emerged from the battle victorious.

In early times, Thai boxers had to fight without the boxing gloves of today. Boxers used to bind their hands with raw cotton threads, woven into a type of chain-mail knotted at the fingertips. Then the hands were dipped into glue or tree sap and sprinkled with ground glass or tiny rocks. This practice was used until 1929 when Thai boxers switched to gloves used in international boxing.

Thai boxing became known outside of Thailand during WWI when Thailand sent troops to fight with its allies. The French were amazed by the sport, calling it a "thrilling, strange, and extraordinary form of entertainment." Now Thai boxing can be found in virtually every country. Thai boxers seem to be able to defeat almost any other standup martial art, as long as the boxer is not forbidden to use elbows or knees. Full Thai rules, which allow knees, elbows, shin kicks and punches, put a Thai boxer at a definite advantage against other traditional martial artists, for example, a karate or taekwondo practitioner.